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Next Generation Add-Drop Multiplexers
2003-2008
a market research report
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As network intelligence moves ever closer to the end user, add-drop multiplexers (ADMs) must be able to provision a host of new services, each with a varied set of transport requirements. Broadband Internet access, video-on-demand, videoconferencing, and other high-speed applications must be transported efficiently on fiber networks along with slower-speed traffic.
While SONET ADMs have been a fixture in carrier networks for many years, a new generation of multi-protocol capable ADMs are becoming available. Functions such as grooming, protocol conversion, automatic provisioning, and connections to a network-wide control plane (i.e. GMPLS) are being rolled into the next generation ADMs in order to support new service delivery requirements.
There are over 600,000 ADMs in operation in US networks today, and their numbers and capabilities continue to grow—along with user demand for services. This study dissects the trends in the marketplace, and forecasts hardware expenditures for next-generation SONET ADMs, Optical ADMs, Ethernet ADMs and Enterprise ADMs along with the amount of traffic that will be carried by each type of ADM.
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Report Excerpt
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SONET ADMS, OADM, and Ethernet ADMs
With the bursting of the telecom bubble, the industry has fallen back upon the only reliable source of funds: end-user revenue. In order to deliver new services, carriers are being forced to retool their networks to contend with changing traffic patterns, communications protocols, and increasing number of network end-points. Each of these factors is having a dramatic effect on the add/drop multiplexer (ADM) marketplace and is bringing forth a new generation of ADM equipment including SONET and Ethernet next generation ADMs (NGADMs), and optical ADMs (OADMs).
An ADM is a telecommunications transport device that facilitates the efficient sharing of transmission media by inserting or removing one or more low-speed information streams into a passing higher-speed stream. The basic functions of the current generation of ADMs include transmission, management, multiplexing, and the adding/dropping of a bit stream. NGADMs will add vital capabilities including grooming, protocol conversion, automatic provisioning, and most importantly, connections to a network-wide control plane.
There are nearly 600,000 ADMs in operation in US networks and their numbers and capabilities continue to grow despite the current telecom recession. The largest number of ADMs is deployed by incumbent local exchange carriers (ILECs), but ADMs are also used extensively by inter-exchange carriers (IXCs), competitive local exchange carriers (CLECs), and cable television (CATV) and wireless operators.
In the today’s network, the ADM can be described in terms of its current functions:
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transmission,
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transmission management,
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multiplexing, and
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adding and dropping.
The NGADMs will demonstrate improved performance in all four of its basic functions, but more importantly, the newest equipment will add capabilities heretofore unavailable; including grooming, protocol conversion, automatic provisioning and, most importantly, connections to a network-wide control plane. The NGADMs are being designed to address four major areas of concern:
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next generation SONET;
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Ethernet;
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OADM; and
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enterprise.
The next generation of SONET gear will provide ...
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complete Executive Summary.
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Market Segmentation
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ADMs and NGADMs:
Collection-Field
Collection-Office
Interoffice
Long Haul
Enterprise
Type of ADM:
Legacy SONET ADM
SONET NGADM
Ethernet NGADM
WDM/OADM
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Table of Contents
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Chapter I
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1.1 SONET ADMS, OADM, and Ethernet ADMs
1.2 The Market for SONET ADMS, OADM, and Ethernet ADMs
Chapter II
ADMS IN TELECOM NETWORKS
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Network Divisions
2.2.1 Access Links
2.2.2 Collection Network
2.2.3 Interoffice Network
2.2.4 Long-Haul Networks
2.3 ADM Locations and Traffic Patterns
2.4 ADM Functions
2.4.1 Transmission
2.4.2 Transmission Management
2.4.3 Multiplexing
2.4.3.1 SONET Multiplexing
2.4.3.2 Ethernet Multiplexing
2.4.3.3 Add/Drop Multiplexing
2.4.4 Multiple Functionality
2.5 ADMs and Service Delivery
2.5.1 PSTN Voice
2.5.2 Private Line
2.5.3 Bandwidth Leases
2.5.4 Other Data Services
2.5.5 Internet Access
2.5.6 Extended LAN
2.5.7 VPNs
2.5.8 Storage Networks (FDDI, ESCON, FICON, Fiber Channel)
2.5.9 Video
2.5.10 Third Party Vendors
2.5.11 Intrasite Rings
Chapter III
DRIVING FORCES AND CONSTANTS
3.1 Driving Forces
3.1.1 Growth of Data Traffic
3.1.2 The Impact of Churn Rates on the Transport Network
3.1.3 Growth of Broadband Access
3.1.4 Growth of Local-Only Data Traffic
3.1.5 Growth of Telecom Participants
3.1.5.1 xLECs
3.1.5.2 xSPs
3.1.5.4 CATV
3.1.5.5 Wireless
3.1.6 Growing Impact of Operating Expenses
3.1.7 Variety of Technologies
3.1.7.1 Transmission
3.1.7.2 Multiplexing
3.1.7.3 Network Management
3.1.8 Semiconductors
3.1.9 Cable laying
3.2 Constants
3.2.1 Voice traffic
3.2.2 Copper Loops
3.2.3 Telco COs
3.2.4 End-User Premises
3.2.4.1 Residential
3.2.4.2 Small/Other Business
3.2.4.3 Medium/Large Business
3.2.4.4 Non-Residential Buildings
3.2.5 Revenue Sources
3.2.6 Standards
3.2.7 Dominance of the RBOCs
Chapter IV
METRO NETWORK ARCHITECTURES
4.1 Introduction to Metro Network Architectures
4.2 Metro Network Levels
4.3 Network Sites and Nodes
4.4 Network Connections
4.5 ADM Locations in the Metro Network
4.6 Trends in ADM Requirements
4.6.1 Multiple Rings per Location
4.6.2 Hub to Mesh Traffic
4.6.3 Functions Nearer to the End User
4.6.4 Melding of ADM and DCX Functions
4.7 Nodes, Connections, and Throughput
Chapter V
ADMS FOR THE NEXT GENERATION
5.1 Positioning ADMs in the Network
5.1.1 Next Generation SONET
5.1.2 Ethernet
5.1.3 OADM
5.1.4 Enterprise ADMs
5.2 Upgrading Traditional ADM Functionality
5.2.1 Transmission
5.2.2 Transmission Management
5.2.3 Multiplexing
5.2.3.1 Virtual Concatenation
5.2.3.2 Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme
5.2.3.3 Generic Framing Procedure
5.2.3.4 Ethernet as a Multiplexing Scheme
5.2.3.5 Other forms of Multiplexing
5.2.4 Add/Drop Multiplexing
5.2.4.1 SONET
5.2.4.2 Ethernet
5.2.4.3 WDM
5.3 Adding New Functionality to ADMs
5.3.1 Cross Connect
5.3.2 Data Adaptation
5.3.3 Network Management
5.4 Equipment Logistics
Chapter VI
ADM VENDORS
6.1 Broadline Telecom Vendors
6.2 SONET Standard Vendors
6.3 SONET Proprietary Vendors
6.4 Ethernet Vendors
6.5 WDM Vendors
6.6 ADM Blade Vendors
Chapter VII
MARKET FORECASTS
7.1 Network Segmentation
7.1.1 Collection Network
7.1.2 Interoffice Network
7.1.3 Long-Haul Network
7.1.4 Enterprise Network
7.2 Market Analysis Summary
7.2.1 ADM Market Evolution
7.2.2 Business Opportunities
7.3 Forecast Model 1: Traffic Demand
7.3.1 SONET and Present Mode of Operation
7.3.2 Installation and Removal
7.3.3 Forecast Sensitivities
7.4 Forecast Model 2: Number of Sites
7.4.1 Number of Sites
7.4.2 Ethernet vs. SONET per Number of Sites
7.4.3 OADMs
7.5 Reconciled ADM Installation and Revenue Forecast
Appendix
GLOSSARY
Table of Figures
Chapter I
I-1 Position of ADMs in Network
I-2 Total ADM Revenue, 2003 and 2008 ($Thousands)
Chapter II
II-1 Subdivisions of Telecom Networks
II-2 Position of ADMs in Network
II-3 Pre-ADM Connections
II-4 Physical Location versus Traffic Patterns in Many SONET Ring Configurations
II-5 Physical Location versus Traffic Patterns in New SONET Ring Configurations
II-6 Transmission Management in an ADM
II-7 Transmission Management in a SONET ADM
II-8 Evolution of the Collection Network
Chapter III
III-1 US Peak Time Data Traffic Demand: Residential vs. Enterprise, 2000-2008 (Gbit/s)
III-2 US Overall Peak Time Data Traffic Demand, 2000-2008 (Gbit/s)
III-3 Aggregate Bandwidth by Type of End-User Data Connection, 2000 and 2008
III-4 Number of Carrier Identification Codes in US, 1998-2001
III-5 WDM vs. Add/Drop Functions
III-6 Floor Space and Other Resources Required for ADMs
Chapter IV
IV-1 Historical Switching Architecture
IV-2 Network Levels
IV-3 Sites and Nodes by Network Level
IV-4 Network Connections
IV-5 Location of ADMs in the Metro Network and Three Types of ADMs are Indicated
IV-6 Metro Network Topology
IV-7 Ring Configurations
IV-8 Chassis and Cable Configuration of Cross Connects vs. NGADMs
Chapter V
V-1 Overlay Network
V-2 Wrap Protection vs. Steering Traffic
Chapter VI
VI-1 WDM Vendors
Chapter VII
VII-1 Increased Complexity of Metro Networks: The Impact of Additional Carriers
VII-2 Potential Markets for ADMs
Table of Tables
Chapter II
II-1 SONET and Ethernet Defined Transmission Rates
II-2 Impact of Services on ADMs
II-3 New Types of Service Providers and Their Impact on the Networks
II-4 Functional Requirements of Application Services
Chapter III
III-1 US Peak Time Data Traffic Demand: Residential and Enterprise, 2000-2008 (Gbit/s)
III-2 Number of US End-User Data Connections, 2000 and 2008 (Millions)
III-3 Bandwidth of US End-User Data Connections, 2000 and 2008 (Mbit/s)
III-4 US Aggregated Bandwidth Capacity at End-User Data Connections, 2000 and 2008 (Tbit/s)
III-5 Peak-Traffic Usage vs. Transmission Capacity of Access Lines, 2000 and 2008 (Tbit/s)
III-6 Ten Largest National Service Providers, 2001
III-7 Typical Cost of Transponders, 2003
III-8 Types of WDM
III-9 Number of Telco COs and Other Carrier Nodes, 2003
III-10 Total Number of US User Premises, 2000
III-11 Total NA Households with Broadband Subscriptions, 2000-2008 (Thousands)
III-12 Non-Residential Buildings, 2002 (Buildings in Thousands)
Chapter IV
IV-1 Network Sites, Nodes, and Quantity
IV-2 Network Connections and Characteristics
IV-3 US Access-to-Metro Point Connections, 2000
IV-4 US Access-to-Metro Point Connections, 2008
Chapter V
V-1 OADM Applications
V-2 The Basic Functions of an NGADM
V-3 Standards Relevant to ADMs
Chapter VI
VI-1 ADM Acquisitions
Chapter VII
VII-1 Differential Impacts on ADM Market Segments
VII-2 ADM Installations: Actual Units vs. Rounded Units for Forecast Assumptions, 2002
VII-3 US Peak Time Data Traffic Demand: Residential and Enterprise, 2003-2008(Gbit/s)
VII-4 US Aggregated Bandwidth of End-User Data Connections, 2003-2008 (Tbit/s)
VII-5 ADM Installation Forecast According to PMO, 2008
VII-6 ADM Installations and Removals, 2002-2008 (Units Thousands)
VII-7 NGADM Installations and Removals, 2002 to 2008 (Units Thousands)
VII-8 Model 1 Summary NGADM Installation Forecast, 2002-2008 (Units Thousands)
VII-9 Potential Number of ADMs per Site and Location, 2002
VII-10 ADM Installations per Site and Location, 2008
VII-11 ADMs Installations per Site and Location Adjusted for Multi-Ring, 2008
VII-12 Model 2 Summary of ADM Installation Forecast, 2002-2008 (Units Thousands)
VII-13 Reconciled Summary of ADM Installation Forecast, 2002-2008 (Units Thousands)
VII-14 Prices of ADMs, 2002-2008 ($Thousands)
VII-15 NGADM Revenue by Network Level, 2002-2008 (Units Thousands, $Thousands)
VII-16 Installations by Type of ADM, 2003-2008 (Units Thousands)
VII-17 Revenue by Type of ADM, 2003-2008 ($Millions)
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